由于机械密封的特殊布置和不同的工作环境和条件，腐蚀损伤的形式也多种多样。聚四氟乙烯密封件、聚四氟乙烯垫片等机械密封常见的损坏方式主要有腐蚀损坏、热损坏和机械损坏。其中，腐蚀破坏危害更大。

金属环腐蚀

1. The appearance is uniformly corroded. If the outer surface of the metal ring contacts the corrosive medium, and the metal itself is not resistant to corrosion, the outer surface will corrode. The phenomenon is leakage, early wear, damage, noise, etc. The uniform corrosion of the metal surface has two shapes: film-forming and non-filming. Metal corrosion without film is very risky. It is called stress corrosion cracking. The use of surfacing hard alloy and sealing rings such as cast iron, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, etc., simply presents stress corrosion break. The corrosion process proceeds at a certain speed, which aggravates the galvanic corrosion.

2. Stress corrosion cracking. Metal has abrasion resistance under the simultaneous action of corrosion and tensile stress. The corrosion of the filled F4 ring mainly refers to the selective corrosion, dissolution or disintegration damage of the filling. For example, in hydrofluoric acid, the glass fiber molecules are thermally corroded. These cracks communicate with the entire sealing end face, accelerate the wear of the end face, and increase the leakage.

Non-metallic ring corrosion

1、石墨环腐蚀。其腐蚀的原因有三个：一是当端面过热，温度大于180度时，必须使浸渍树脂脱离石墨环，降低环的耐磨性；第二，如果浸渍树脂选择不当，机械密封冷却。系统的建立主要是由于选材错误造成的。膜的腐蚀，钝化膜通常具有维护作用的特点，但金属机械密封圈所用的材料，如不锈钢、钴、铬合金等外表面的钝化膜被腐蚀破坏。端面摩擦，在缺氧条件下很难形成新的薄膜。

2、石墨环氧化。在氧化性介质中，当端面干燥或冷却不良时，350-40o℃的温度会使石墨环与氧气反应，生成CO和气体，使端面粗糙甚至断裂。非金属环在化学介质和应力的共同作用下也会断裂。

3、PTFE（四氟乙烯垫片）密封圈腐蚀。介质中会发生化学变化，耐磨性也会降低；第三，树脂浸渍深度不好，当浸渍层磨损时，耐磨性会降低。F4填充玻璃纤维时，裂纹先在薄处产生，然后向深处发展，引起裂纹。机械密封环裂纹通常呈放射状发散，但也可以有一个或多个裂纹。石墨粉、金属粉等提高其耐温性和耐磨性。填充F4环的腐蚀主要是指填充物的选择性腐蚀、溶解或崩解破坏。例如，在氢氟酸中，玻璃纤维分子被热腐蚀，

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